油氣田是各種有毒氣體（硫化氫、一氧化碳、煤氣）的發(fā)源地，有毒氣體泄漏時(shí)不時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生，有毒氣體預(yù)防是每個(gè)工作人員必不可少的一項(xiàng)責(zé)任。詳說(shuō)下硫化氫泄漏應(yīng)采取哪些措施。
Oil and gas fields are the birthplace of all kinds of toxic gases (hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, gas). The leakage of toxic gases occurs from time to time, and the prevention of toxic gases is an indispensable responsibility of every staff. What measures should be taken for hydrogen sulfide leakage.
一，含硫地區(qū)鉆井液的PH值要求控制在9.5以上。用煤氣報(bào)警器加強(qiáng)對(duì)鉆井液中硫化氫濃度的測(cè)量，充分發(fā)揮除硫劑和除氣器的功能，保持鉆井液中硫化氫濃度含量在每立方米50毫克以下。
1、 The pH value of drilling fluid in sour area should be controlled above 9.5. Strengthen the measurement of hydrogen sulfide concentration in drilling fluid with gas alarm, give full play to the functions of desulfurizer and degasser, and keep the hydrogen sulfide concentration in drilling fluid below 50 mg / m3.
二，一旦發(fā)生井噴事故，應(yīng)立即上報(bào)油氣田主管部門(mén)；若發(fā)生井噴失控事故，24小時(shí)內(nèi)上報(bào)集團(tuán)或股份公司。
2、 In case of blowout accident, it shall be reported to the competent department of oil and gas field immediately; in case of out of control blowout accident, it shall be reported to the group or joint stock company within 24 hours.
三，在井架入口、井架上、鉆臺(tái)邊上、循環(huán)系統(tǒng)等處設(shè)置風(fēng)向標(biāo)，一旦發(fā)生緊急情況，作業(yè)人員可向上風(fēng)口疏散。四，在鉆臺(tái)上下、震動(dòng)篩、循環(huán)罐等氣體易于積聚的場(chǎng)所，安裝防暴排風(fēng)扇以驅(qū)散工作場(chǎng)所彌漫的有害、可燃?xì)怏w。含硫地區(qū)鉆井隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)配備便攜式硫化氫檢測(cè)儀。
3、 Wind vanes shall be set at the entrance of the derrick, on the derrick, on the edge of the drill floor and at the circulation system. In case of emergency, the operators can evacuate to the upper air outlet. 4、 In places where gas is easy to accumulate, such as up and down the drill floor, vibrating screen and circulating tank, anti riot exhaust fan shall be installed to disperse harmful and combustible gas in the workplace. Portable hydrogen sulfide detector should be equipped for drilling team in sour area.
另外，非常重要的一點(diǎn)，當(dāng)有硫化氫含量超過(guò)每立方米20毫克的臨界濃度時(shí)，工作人員應(yīng)佩帶空氣呼吸器，不允許單獨(dú)行動(dòng)，派專(zhuān)人監(jiān)護(hù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。在含硫地區(qū)鉆井、生產(chǎn)班當(dāng)班人員每人配一套空氣呼吸器，另配一定數(shù)量的公用空氣呼吸器，并做到人人會(huì)使用、會(huì)維護(hù)、會(huì)檢查。鉆井隊(duì)鉆井技術(shù)人員負(fù)責(zé)防硫化氫教育，隊(duì)長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)督檢查。
In addition, it is very important that when the content of hydrogen sulfide exceeds the safe critical concentration of 20 mg / m3, the staff should wear air respirators, and not be allowed to act alone. Special personnel should be assigned to monitor the scene. In sulfur-containing areas, drilling and production personnel on duty shall be equipped with a set of air respirators, and a certain number of public air respirators, so that everyone can use, maintain and inspect them. The drilling technicians of the drilling team are responsible for the safety education of hydrogen sulfide prevention, and the team leader is responsible for the supervision and inspection.
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